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Land use, conflict and aid in Sudan

Land use patterns and trends in Sudan are inextricably tied to a wide range of dynamics that shape the country’s potential for both peace and conflict. This course will briefly explore the main features of these dynamics and how they interact with the massive humanitarian relief and development efforts currently underway in Sudan, which have the potential to drive or mitigate potential land-based conflicts.

Sector
  • Livelihoods
  • Conflict sensitivity
  • Land
Duration
  • 15 Lectures
  • 15 Videos
  • 1 Hour
Material Supply
  • Video lectures
  • Quizzes
Location
  • Online

Introductory video

This course is particularly useful for:

Aid workers
For example working on Housing, Land and Property (HLP); WASH; Refugees and Displacement; Livelihoods; Peacebuilding.
Donors
A better understanding of land use patterns in Sudan allows for better conflict sensitive programming.

What you will learn

  • Main features of customary and statutory land tenure systems in Sudan
  • The main land uses and livelihoods: traditional farming and pastoralism, mechanised farming, gold mining
  • Land-related issues in Darfur, Eastern Sudan and Nuba Mountains
  • Recommendations for aid actors

Agenda

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Section 1. UNDERSTANDING LAND USE

Lecture 1
Introduction
0.03 Hours

See Lecture
Lecture 2
Customary land tenure
0.05 Hours
  • Common property regimes
  • Open access regimes
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 1'. 'Introduction'
Lecture 3
Native administrations
0.05 Hours
  • Short history of Native Administrations
  • Politicization of Native Administrations
  • Native Administrations, Gender and Minorities
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 2'. 'Customary land tenure'
Lecture 4
The Hakura system – sharing the land
0.07 Hours
  • Main features of the Hakura system
  • Pastoralist traditional corridors (masar)
  • Recent trends increasing conflict between pastoralists and farmers
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 3'. 'Native administrations'
Lecture 5
Statutory land tenure
0.1 Hours
  • Most important laws with an influence on land-related conflicts
  • Types of statutory land tenure
  • Main investment laws
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 4'. 'The Hakura system – sharing the land'
Test on Module 1

Pass this test in order to continue to Module 2.

Start Test To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 5'. 'Statutory land tenure'

Section 2. LAND USE AND LIVELIHOODS

Lecture 1
Introduction
0.05 Hours

More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Section 1'. 'Test on Module 1'
Lecture 2
Pastoralism I
0.15 Hours
  • Baggara and Abbala pastoralists
  • Main features of pastoralists’ marginalisation
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 1'. 'Introduction'
Lecture 3
Pastoralism II
0.15 Hours
  • Examples of poorly-conceived solutions for pastoralists’ issues
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 2'. 'Pastoralism I'
Lecture 4
Agriculture & Mechanised farming
0.11 Hours
  • Examples of colonial massive agricultural irrigation projects
  • Main features of mechanised farming
  • Expansion of mechanised farming as a driver of conflict
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 3'. 'Pastoralism II'
Lecture 5
Gold mining
0.06 Hours
  • Securitised approach to gold mining
  • Environmental issues caused by artisanal and industrial gold mining
  • Social and health-related issues
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 4'. 'Agriculture & Mechanised farming'
Test on Module 2

Pass this test in order to continue to Module 3.

Start Test To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 5'. 'Gold mining'

Section 3. LAND-RELATED CONFLICT AND DISPLACEMENT

Lecture 1
Introduction
0.02 Hours

More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Section 2'. 'Test on Module 2'
Lecture 2
Displacement in Darfur and land-related issues
0.08 Hours
  • Overview of causes of displacement
  • Typology of ‘secondary occupants’
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 1'. 'Introduction'
Lecture 3
Land grabbing in eastern Sudan
0.07 Hours
  • Land grabbing and its effects on pastoralism in Eastern Sudan
  • The case of the Butana area
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 2'. 'Displacement in Darfur and land-related issues'
Lecture 4
Mechanised farming in the Nuba Mountains
0.1 Hours
  • Brief overview on the conflict in the Nuba Mountains
  • The case of the Habila area
  • Reflections on conflict-sensitive development and investments
More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 3'. 'Land grabbing in eastern Sudan'
Test on Module 3

Pass this test in order to continue to Module 4.

Start Test To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 4'. 'Mechanised farming in the Nuba Mountains'

Section 4. LAND-RELATED RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR AID IN SUDAN

Lecture 1
Lessons Learned and Final Recommendations
0.08 Hours

More Details To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Section 3'. 'Test on Module 3'
Test on Module 4
.
Start Test To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Lecture 1'. 'Lessons Learned and Final Recommendations'
FINAL TEST
FINAL TEST
Start Test To unlock this lecture you must complete 'Section 4'. 'Test on Module 4'

Creators

Senior Advisor

Audrey Bottjen

Audrey Bottjen has worked in the Sudans since 2010, including as the Director of the Conflict Sensitivity Resource Facility (CSRF) in South Sudan, and the Chief of Party of the USAID-funded conflict mitigation program in South Sudan. She currently supports the CSF part-time whilst also exploring regenerative farming and conservation with her husband from their farm in Western North Carolina.

Consultant

Mauro Costa

Mauro Costa is a recent graduate in International Security Studies. His master's thesis compared Operation Lifeline Sudan to humanitarian negotiations in the Nuba Mountains in order to better understand legal and practical nuances of humanitarian negotiations. More recently, he worked as a consultant for CSF to carry out the research and creation of the materials for the Land Use, Conflict and Aid online course.

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